Development of a wind shear performance envelope

It is quite important that the airplane performance during a continuing headwind loss be understood. Lack of consideration of this characteristic can result in assuming almost twice the performance than that which the airplane actually has during severe wind shear at high descent rates. The example data relates to the Boeing 727-200, but the characteristics are applicable to any airplane

Market discipline in the governance of U.S. Bank Holding Companies: monitoring vs. influencing

Market discipline is an article of faith among financial economists, and the use of market discipline as a regulatory tool is gaining credibility. Effective market discipline involves two distinct components: security holders' ability to accurately assess the condition of a firm ("monitoring") and their ability to cause subsequent managerial actions to reflect those assessments ("influence"). Substantial evidence supports the existence of market monitoring. However, little evidence exists on market influence, and then only for stockholders and for rare events such as management turnover. This paper seeks evidence that U.S. bank holding companies' security price reliably influence subsequent managerial actions. Although we identify some patterns consistent with beneficial market influences, we have not found strong evidence that stock or (especially) bond investors regularly influence managerial actions. Market influence remains, for the moment, more a matter of faith than of empirical evidence.Bank holding companies ; Bank supervision ; Bonds ; Stocks

Cost methods in the packing industry

Little material has been published on the subject of packing costs. On page 15 there is a reference to one source of information; and the Appendix to this article is a summary of the system of the Institute of American Meat Packers. Mr. Bliss\u27s article makes clear the difference between major products, by-products and joint products and the costing methods for each of these classes of products. His injection of the term opportunity costs, a term used by H. J. Davenport in his Economics of Enterprise, and in his Value and Distribution; and by John R. Turner in his Introduction to Economics and by other economists, is another interesting feature of this article. This term is little used by accountants, but is an appropriate one, particularly, in the packing industry. Most accountants call opportunity costs inter-departmental or inter-organization sales or transfers

Macaque cardiac physiology is sensitive to the valence of passively viewed sensory stimuli.

Autonomic nervous system activity is an important component of affective experience. We demonstrate in the rhesus monkey that both the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system respond differentially to the affective valence of passively viewed video stimuli. We recorded cardiac impedance and an electrocardiogram while adult macaques watched a series of 300 30-second videos that varied in their affective content. We found that sympathetic activity (as measured by cardiac pre-ejection period) increased and parasympathetic activity (as measured by respiratory sinus arrhythmia) decreased as video content changes from positive to negative. These findings parallel the relationship between autonomic nervous system responsivity and valence of stimuli in humans. Given the relationship between human cardiac physiology and affective processing, these findings suggest that macaque cardiac physiology may be an index of affect in nonverbal animals